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Our
fish are harvested exclusively with set nets. The process
of set netting might be compared to tying a sheet to a clothesline
in the wind. Nets are "set," or anchored, perpendicular to
the shore, usually in 25-fathom increments. The top of the
net, floated by white synthetic corks, is tied to a line running
between fixed anchors at both ends. The bottom of the net
is a heavy, weighted line that sinks below the surface of
the water. Between the floating line and the weighted line,
the webbing of the net billows with the strong current of the
tide. As fish move up and downstream with the tide, they are
caught in the billowing, curved "basket" formed by the tide
and net. Fish are either ensnared at their heads, by catching
their gills in the webbing, or they are caught lying broadside,
ungilled-held in the "basket" of the net by the tidal current.
With the net still in the water, still fixed at both ends,
the fisherman approaches the net in his skiff. One of his
two crewmen stands in the bow of the boat (the "front," pointed
part of the boat), reaches into the water, and grabs the floating
cork line. Then, he or she gathers up the webbing, all the
way down to the heavy weighted line below the water, and pulls
forward, dragging the boat underneath the net..
Now,
with the net still fixed at both ends, the fishermen work
their way up and down the net-with net running all the way
across the gunwales (from "side" to "side")-in their floating
boat, and retrieve fish from the webbing, by untangling their
heads or opening the "basket" to let fish slide out.
Set
net fishing is restricted by law to nets that measure 50 fathoms
long by 2 fathoms deep (300 feet by 12 feet), per commercial
set net permit. For sockeye salmon, the webbing of the net
is usually composed of diamonds that are between 4 and 5 inches
long, for a total mesh circumference of between 8 and 10 inches.
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